Part 1: Pretreatment Considerations Chapter 1: Orthodontic panorama. Chapter 2: Classification of malocclusions : Normal occlusion and malocclusion. -- Discrepancies between the jaws. -- Functional disturbances. --Anomalies within the jaws. -- Frequency of malocclusions. -- Orthodontic treatment needs. Chapter 3: Craniofacial growth and development : Definitions of general growth. -- Developmental periods and growth in height (stature) . -- Standards of growth and development. -- Prenatal development of the face and jaws. -- Postnatal growth and development of the craniofacial complex. -- Development of the dentoalveolar complex. -- Growth of soft tissues. -- Prediction of growth. Chapter 4: Diagnostic examinations : Interview and anamnesis. -- Extra oral examination. -- Functional examination. -- Intra oral examination. -- Model analysis. -- Radiographic analysis. -- Important examinations at different dental developmental stages Part 2: Treatment Principles of Skeletal and Dentoalveolar Anomalies Chapter 5: Sagittal, vertical and transversal discrepancies between the jaws : Cephalometric analysis. -- Treatment of Angle Class II malocclusion. -- Treatment of Angle Class III malocclusion. -- Treatment of deep bite. -- Treatment of open bite. -- Treatment of posterior crossbite. -- Treatment of scissors bite Chapter 6: Crowding of teeth : Model analysis. -- Orthodontic appliances. -- Treatment strategies. Chapter 7: Spacing of teeth : Median diastema : Missing maxillary incisors. -- Pathological migration of teeth due to periodontitis. -- Spacing in the posterior areas of the dentition. -- Partial edentulous dentitions. -- General spacing of teeth Chapter 8: Malposition of single teeth : Infraocclusion of primary molars. -- Ectopic eruption of maxillary first permanent molar. -- Impacted maxillary canines. -- Supernumerary teeth Part 3: Tissue Response to Orthodontic and Orthopaedic Forces Chapter 9: Tissue response to orthodontic forces : Tooth-supporting tissues. -- Physiologic tooth migration. -- Orthodontic tooth movements. -- Hyalinisation phase. -- Transmission of orthodontic forces into cellular reactions. -- Biomechanical principles. Chapter 10: Tissue response to orthopaedic forces : Response in condyles. -- Response in sutures. Chapter 11: Possible adverse tissue reactions : Damage to teeth. -- Damage to tooth-supporting tissues. -- Allergic reactions. -- Pain during orthodontic treatment. -- Risk of temporomandibular disorders (TMD) Chapter 12: Retention and post-retention outcome : Retention. -- The concept relapse. -- Post-retention period.

Essential Orthodontics is a comprehensive introduction to the biological principles of orthodontics. This book covers the why, when and how of orthodontics, enabling readers to identify which individuals need to be treated, to diagnose based on individual dentofacial development, and to understand the mechanical principles and tissue responses involved. Divided into three parts, this authoritative resource covers pretreatment considerations, treatment principles of skeletal and dentoalveolar anomalies, and tissue response to orthodontic and orthopaedic forces. Classification of malocclusions and craniofacial growth and development are discussed, and the text explores how to distinguish between normal occlusion and malocclusions. Essential Orthodontics outlines how to perform a comprehensive orthodontic examination leading to an orthodontic diagnosis, and the formation of a treatment plan. Following a student-friendly layout with key objectives and chapter summaries, Essential Orthodontics is an accessible yet comprehensive resource for both undergraduate and postgraduate dental students.

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